1.4571 (X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2) is a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, equivalent to 316Ti. Its composition includes 16.5–18.5% chromium, 10.5
1.4429 (X2CrNiMoN17-13-3) is a nitrogen- and molybdenum-alloyed austenitic stainless steel grade under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, classified within the 316LN family. With 16.5–18.5% chromium, 12–14%
1.4432 (X2CrNiMo17-12-3) is a high-molybdenum, low-carbon austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2. As an enhanced version of 316L, it contains 16.5–18.5% chromium,
1.4436 (X3CrNiMo17-13-3) is a high-molybdenum austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2. With 16.5–18.5% chromium, 12.5–14.5% nickel, and 2.5–3% molybdenum, it offe
1.4404 (X2CrNiMo17-12-2) is the low-carbon molybdenum-alloyed austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, equivalent to 316L. Its composition includes 16.5–18.5% chrom
1.4401 (X5CrNiMo17-12-2) is a molybdenum-alloyed austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, equivalent to the widely used 316. Its composition includes 16.5–18.5% chr
1.4306 (X2CrNi19-11) is a low-carbon austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2. As a high-purity variant of the 304L family, it contains 18–20% chromium, 10–12% nick
1.4303 (X4CrNi18-12) is a high-nickel austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2. Positioned within the 301/305 family, it contains 17–19% chromium and 11–13% nickel,
1.4305 (X8CrNiS18-9) is the free-machining austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, equivalent to the widely used 303. Its composition includes 17–19% chromium, 8–
1.4541 (X6CrNiTi18-10) is a titanium-stabilized austenitic stainless steel grade specified under EN 10028-7 and EN 10088-2, equivalent to the widely used 321. Its composition includes 17–19% chromium
Martensitic stainless steel is defined by its ability to be hardened through heat treatment. After quenching and tempering, it achieves high strength, high hardness, and excellent wear resistance whil
Ferritic stainless steel is a chromium‑based alloy that maintains a stable ferrite structure at room temperature. It offers strong resistance to stress corrosion, a low thermal expansion coefficient,